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Joe Biden recently began using a CPAP machine to treat sleep apnea, the White House announced on Wednesday, after observers noticed mask marks on the president’s face. “Since 2008, the president has disclosed his history with sleep apnea in thorough medical reports. He used a CPAP machine last night, which is common for people with that history,” White House spokesman Andrew Bates said, CNN reports. Here’s what you need to know about the president’s diagnosis, and how he is treating his sleep apnea. What is sleep apnea? Sleep apnea is a common condition in which one’s breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. According to the Mayo Clinic, it is commonly caused by the relaxation of throat muscles, blocking the flow of air. Less frequently, sleep apnea is the result of the brain not sending the proper signals to the respiratory system. Symptoms of sleep apnea include loud snoring, episodes of breathing stopping during sleep, and gasping for air. Those with high weight, large neck circumference, and a family history of the condition are considered at greater risk of getting sleep apnea. Men are two to three times more likely to have sleep apnea. About 30 million people in the US have the condition, though far fewer, roughly six million, are diagnosed as such, according to the American Medical Association. Sleep apnea can contribute to fatigue, circulatory issues, and diabetes in those who have it. What is a CPAP machine? CPAP stands for continuous positive airway pressure machine, and the device is one of the most common treatments for sleep apnea, according to the Cleveland Clinic. CPAP machines help keep a patient’s airways open by delivering air through tubes into a mask that’s worn during sleep. How long has President Biden had sleep apnea? Mr Biden first disclosed that he had experienced sleep apnea in 2008 medical disclosures, though more recent medical evaluations have not listed it as a cause for serious concern. A 2019 evaluation disclosed that Mr Biden’s sleep apnea had “has been considered, but his symptoms have improved significantly” following sinus and nasal passage surgeries, according to CNN. A White House physical two years later listed Mr Biden’s throat clearing and coughing during speeches as areas of “observation.” His most recent such evaluation didn’t mention sleep apnea. As The Independent has reported, Mr Biden at age 80 is the oldest president in US history. His health condition, and that of other senior US politicians, has alarmed some observers. Read More White House reveals Biden uses CPAP machine for sleep apnea after president seen with marks on his face Parents awarded $15m after son with dwarfism dies in Boston hospital sleep study Should I see a doctor about my bad sleep? Dennis Rodman responds to critics after he wore skirt to Pride parade Dwyane Wade recalls daughter Zaya being ‘scared’ and hiding from him after coming out Chrissy Teigen and John Legend welcome fourth child via surrogate: ‘Our new love’

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Research has been revealed that shows which day of the week heart attacks are most likely to take place. According to a new study, the most severe types of heart attacks are more common on Mondays than any other day. STEMI attacks are the most severe forms of attacks, which are caused by a blockage of the coronary artery and see an interruption to the blood supply. A total of 10,528 patients were analysed as part of new research, with the study focusing hospital cases in Ireland and Northern Ireland between 2013 and 2018. Sign up to our free Indy100 weekly newsletter The findings were presented at the British Cardiovascular Society (BCS) conference in Manchester. The data shows that the risk of an STEMI-type heart attack were 13 per cent greater on a Monday compared to the average of other days. Cardiologist Jack Laffan from the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust said at the conference: "We've found a strong statistical correlation between the start of the working week and the incidence of STEMI. This has been described before but remains a curiosity." Laffan also considers it likely that the natural cycle of weeks, months and seasons has on our health. He said: "Based on what we know from previous studies, it is reasonable to presume a circadian element". Nilesh Samani, medical director at the British Heart Foundation, added: "This study adds to evidence around the timing of particularly serious heart attacks, but we now need to unpick what it is about certain days of the week that makes them more likely. "Doing so could help doctors better understand this deadly condition so we can save more lives in future." It comes after a woman revealed how when she was a teenager she mistook a heart attack for butterflies, after dancing with a boy for the first time. Have your say in our news democracy. Click the upvote icon at the top of the page to help raise this article through the indy100 rankings.